Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Introduction. To evaluate the accuracy of a quantitative 3D navigation system for CT-guided interventional procedures in a twopart\nstudy. Materials and Methods. Twenty-two procedures were performed in abdominal and thoracic phantoms. Accuracies of\nthe 3D anatomy map registration and navigation were evaluated. Time used for the navigated procedures was recorded. In the\nIRB approved clinical evaluation, 21 patients scheduled for CT-guided thoracic and hepatic biopsy and ablations were recruited.\nCT-guided procedures were performed without following the 3D navigation display. Accuracy of navigation as well as workflow\nfitness of the system was evaluated. Results. In phantoms, the average 3D anatomy map registration error was 1.79 mm. The average\nnavigated needle placement accuracy for one-pass and two-pass procedures, respectively, was 2.0�±0.7mmand 2.8�±1.1mmin the\nliver and 2.7�±1.7mmand 3.0�±1.4mmin the lung.Theaverage accuracy of the 3D navigation system in human subjects was 4.6mm\n�± 3.1 for all procedures. The system fits the existing workflow of CT-guided interventions with minimum impact. Conclusion. A 3D\nnavigation system can be performed along the existing workflow and has the potential to navigate precision needle placement in\nCT-guided interventional procedures....
Objective: To assess the importance of incidental extraspinal findings on\nMagnetic Resonance Imaging of the lumbar spine in two hospital facilities.\nMaterials and Methods: It was a descriptive and retrospective study from\nNovember 2015 to March 2016. The records of patients who had done a\nMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of the lumbar spine were re-read in\nsearch of incidental findings. The incidental findings found were classified\nusing Colonography Reporting and Data System(C-RADS) classification of\nextracolonic lesions to assess clinical significance. The prevalence of incidental\nfindings was calculated for each facility, as well as the distribution according\nto age, the organs involved and the clinical importance. A non-detection rate\nwas calculated by confronting the findings of the study with the original reports.\nResults: The prevalence of incidental findings was respectively 33% (19\nout of 36) in Jordan Medical Center (JMC) in Yaounde and 27.74% (106 out\nof 292) in Jacques Monod Hospital. The extraspinal incidental findings were\nclassified mainly as extracolonic 2 (E2): 58% in each facility. The percentage\ndetection of incidental findings was 5% at JMS and 1.7% at Jacques Monod\nHospital. Conclusion: Extraspinal incidental findings are frequent in both\nhospitals. However, the rate of detection remains very low....
The effect of the ceiling-mounted radiation shielding on the amount of the scatter radiation was assessed under conditions\nsimulating obese patients for clinically relevant exposure parameters. Measurements were performed in different projections and\nwith different positions of the ceiling-mounted shielding: without shielding; shielding closest to the patient; and shielding closest\nto the physician performing the procedure. The protection provided by the shielding was assessed for cardiology when the femoral\naccess is used and for radiology when the physician performs the procedure in the abdominal area. The results show that the use of\nthe ceiling-mounted shielding can decrease the dose from the scatter radiation by 95% at the position of the performing physician.\nIn cardiology, the impact is more pronounced when the left oblique projection is used. In radiology, a large decrease was observed\nfor right oblique projections, compared to cardiology.The ceiling-mounted shielding should be placed as close to the physician as\npossible.The idea of creating the largest radiation shadow by placing the radiation shielding as close to the patient as possible does\nnot provide as effective radiation protection of the operator as it might be thought....
Background: Tumor pathologies of the liver and bile ducts are relatively\ncommonly diagnosed and the primary goal is to differentiate these lesions in\nthe fastest possible time which determines the apropriate method of treatment.\nAims and Objectives: Aim of this study is tracking and diagnostic imaging\ncorrelation of tumor pathologies of liver and bile ducts and determining the\nearly diagnostic approach. Data obtained from this study are important for\ntreatment procedures and succes of treatment. All cases with liver tumor\npathologies from period 2012-2016 were examined with CT and MRI followed\nby other complementary imaging methods. Methods: CT examination was\nperformed according to standard triple-phase protocol: non-enhanced phase,\narterial phase and porto-venous phase, and in some cases with late phase after\n5 minutes. In MRI examinations, standard protocol was performed: coronal\nT2 single-shot fast spin-echo (coronal T2 SSFs), Axial T2 respiratory-triggered\nfast spin-echo (axial T2-FRE)/or breath-hold fast-recovery fast spin-echo T2\nbody coil sizes XL, (axial T2-FRFSE-XL), Axial in-phase/out-of-phase, Axial/\ncoronal three-dimensional liver acquisition with volume acceleration (3D\ncoronal pre lava). Results: For comparation, only patients with liver focal\nlesions were included in the study, and and patient were examined with both\ndiagnostic imaging modalities (CT and MRI). 168 patients with liver tumor\npathologies and biliary tree tumor pathologies are included in the study.\nGender ratio was 85 males and 83 female (M/F ratio 1.03:1). Average age of\npatients was 58.41 years, (minimum age 1.5 years old and maximum 88 years\nof age). The most frequent age on diagnosis was 61 - 70 years (total of 49\npatients or 29.16%). Benign tumors were found with 93 patients (55.35%) and\nmalignant tumors in 79 patients (47.02%). Distribution in liver parenchyma was found in 113 patients (67.26%), while in 49 patients (29.17%) pathology\nwas found in the biliary tract. The most affected liver segment was the fifth\nsegment in 35 patients (20.83%), while the less affected segment was the\nsecond liver segment in 8 patients (4.73%). most of patients (62 patients or\n36.90%) had more than two affected segments in time of diagnosis. Diagnostic\ncriteria in this study require further future evaluation. Conclusion: Early\ndiagnosis of are tumors remains a real challenge and has great impact in the\nsurvival rate of patients. Finally, our study showed that for our country�s\ninstitutions that there was no significant difference between both CT and MRI\nmodalities in liver focal lesions assessment....
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is the least common among cardiomyopathies. It can be idiopathic, familial, or secondary\nto systematic disorders. Marked increase in left and/or right ventricular filling pressures causes symptoms and signs of\ncongestive heart failure. Electrocardiographic findings are nonspecific and include atrioventricular conduction and QRS complex\nabnormalities and supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) play\na major role in diagnosis. Echocardiography reveals normal or hypertrophied ventricles, preserved systolic function, marked\nbiatrial enlargement, and impaired diastolic function, often with restrictive filling pattern. CMR offering a higher spatial\nresolution than echocardiography can provide detailed information about anatomic structures, perfusion, ventricular function,\nand tissue characterization. CMR with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and novel approaches (myocardial mapping) can\ndirect the diagnosis to specific subtypes of RCM, depending on the pattern of scar formation. When noninvasive studies\nhave failed, endomyocardial biopsy is required. Differentiation between RCM and constrictive pericarditis (CP), nowadays by\nechocardiography, is important since both present as heart failure with normal-sized ventricles and preserved ejection fraction\nbut CP can be treated by means of anti-inflammatory and surgical treatment, while the treatment options of RCM are dictated by\nthe underlying condition. Prognosis is generally poor despite optimal medical treatment....
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